课程详情 学校简介 学校地址 网上报名
关键词:雁山雅思4分一对一,雅思. 雅思4分 雁山雅思4分一对一,雅思.
桂林环球雅思培训学校专注雅思培训,桂林环球教育开设雅思小班、雅思基础班、雅思强化班、雅思封闭住宿班等,同时开设SAT、GRE、AP、ACT、出国留学等服务,针对不同学员的自身情况量身定制。雁山雅思4分一对一,雅思.桂林雅思培训,桂林出国语言培训,雅思辅导班、雅思备考,桂林环球雅思经典格言:你不能左右天气,但你能转变你的情绪。。
雁山雅思4分一对一,雅思. 雅思模拟试题在雅思备考过程中所起的作用不可小觑,通过模拟练习题,我们可以很直接地了解到自己的备考状况,从而可以更有针对性地进行之后的复习。希望以下内容能够对大家的雅思备考有所帮助!
The Triumph of Unreason
Part I
Reading Passage 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage1 below.
The Triumph of Unreason?
A.
Neoclassical economics is built on the assumption that humans are rational beings who have a clear idea of their best interests and strive to extract maximum benefit (or “utility”, in economist-speak) from any situation. Neoclassical economics assumes that the process of decision-making is rational. But that contradicts growing evidence that decision-making draws on the emotions—even when reason is clearly involved.
B.
The role of emotions in decisions makes perfect sense. For situations met frequently in the past, such as obtaining food and mates, and confronting or fleeing from threats, the neural mechanisms required to weigh up the pros and cons will have been honed by evolution to produce an optimal outcome. Since emotion is the mechanism by which animals are prodded towards such outcomes, evolutionary and economic theory predict the same practical consequences for utility in these cases. But does this still apply when the ancestral machinery has to respond to the stimuli of urban modernity?
C.
One of the people who thinks that it does not is George Loewenstein, an economist at Carnegie Mellon University, in Pittsburgh. In particular, he suspects that modern shopping has subverted the decision-making machinery in a way that encourages people to run up debt. To prove the point he has teamed up with two psychologists, Brian Knutson of Stanford University and Drazen Prelec of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, to look at what happens in the brain when it is deciding what to buy.
D.
In a study, the three researchers asked 26 volunteers to decide whether to buy a series of products such as a box of chocolates or a DVD of the television show that were flashed on a computer screen one after another. In each round of the task, the researchers first presented the product and then its price, with each step lasting four seconds. In the final stage, which also lasted four seconds, they asked the volunteers to make up their minds. While the volunteers were taking part in the experiment, the researchers scanned their brains using a technique called functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). This measures blood flow and oxygen consumption in the brain, as an indication of its activity.
E.
The researchers found that different parts of the brain were involved at different stages of the test. The nucleus accumbens was the most active part when a product was being displayed. Moreover, the level of its activity correlated with the reported desirability of the product in question.
F.
When the price appeared, however, fMRI reported more activity in other parts of the brain. Excessively high prices increased activity in the insular cortex, a brain region linked to expectations of pain, monetary loss and the viewing of upsetting pictures. The researchers also found greater activity in this region of the brain when the subject decided not to purchase an item.
G.
Price information activated the medial prefrontal cortex, too. This part of the brain is involved in rational calculation. In the experiment its activity seemed to correlate with a volunteer's reaction to both product and price, rather than to price alone. Thus, the sense of a good bargain evoked higher activity levels in the medial prefrontal cortex, and this often preceded a decision to buy.
H.
People's shopping behaviour therefore seems to have piggy-backed on old neural circuits evolved for anticipation of reward and the avoidance of hazards. What Dr Loewenstein found interesting was the separation of the assessment of the product (which seems to be associated with the nucleus accumbens) from the assessment of its price (associated with the insular cortex), even though the two are then synthesised in the prefrontal cortex. His hypothesis is that rather than weighing the present good against future alternatives, as orthodox economics suggests happens, people actually balance the immediate pleasure of the prospective possession of a product with the immediate pain of paying for it.
I.
That makes perfect sense as an evolved mechanism for trading. If one useful object is being traded for another (hard cash in modern time), the future utility of what is being given up is embedded in the object being traded. Emotion is as capable of assigning such a value as reason. Buying on credit, though, may be different. The abstract nature of credit cards, coupled with the deferment of payment that they promise, may modulate the “con” side of the calculation in favour of the “pro”.
J.
Whether it actually does so will be the subject of further experiments that the three researchers are now designing. These will test whether people with distinctly different spending behaviour, such as miserliness and extravagance, experience different amounts of pain in response to prices. They will also assess whether, in the same individuals, buying with credit cards eases the pain compared with paying by cash. If they find that it does, then credit cards may have to join the list of things such as fatty and sugary foods, and recreational drugs, that subvert human instincts in ways that seem pleasurable at the time but can have a long and malign aftertaste.
分享到:
桂林雅思培训,桂林出国语言培训,雅思辅导班、雅思备考,桂林环球雅思经典格言:如果要后退,上帝就会在我们的后脑长双眼睛了。。
雅思常规班 |
雅思5分冲6分10人班 |
雅思5.5分冲6.5分10人班 |
雅思6分进阶中型班 |
雅思6.5分进阶中型班 |
雅思名师7分班 |
雅思6分尊享6人班 |
雅思6分进阶6人班 |
雅思VIP班 |
雅思6.5分尊享6人班 |
雅思特训7分6人班 |
雅思8周捷达6分班 |
雅思封闭班 |
雅思全程精讲5.5分班 |
雅思封闭5.5-6分5人班 |
雅思封闭6-6.5分5人班 |
雅思封闭6.5-7分5人班 |
雅思在线班 |
雅思4.5-5分3人班 |
雁山雅思4分一对一,雅思. |
雅思5.5-6分3人班 |
雅思6-6.5分3人班 |
雅思6.5-7分3人班 |
雅思单项班 |
雅思写作考前集训6人班 |
雅思口语考前集训6人班 |
桂林环球教育_环球雅思校区_托福培训地址-环球教育网,雁山雅思4分一对一,雅思.
桂林环球教育专注出国留学课程指导,包含雅思、托福、ACT、SAT等留学英语辅导,在桂林等各地开设多所校区,提升英语听说读写能力。为学生出国留学进行全方位指导。桂林雅思培训,桂林出国语言培训,雅思辅导班、雅思备考,桂林环球雅思经典格言:廉洁从政两袖清风德昭后世,贪图钱财一朝失足愧对今生。雁山雅思4分一对一,雅思.。
桂林环球雅思,始于1997年。专注于提供雅思、托福、SAT等学习考试培训,开设雅思培训一对一、托福培训一对一、SAT培训班、GMAT/GRE培训班以及国际课程的学习。拥有24年的丰富教学经验。雁山雅思4分一对一,雅思.桂林雅思培训,桂林出国语言培训,雅思辅导班、雅思备考,桂林环球雅思经典格言:要纠正他人之前,先反省自身有没有犯错。。
2170元
雅思考试
报名费 |
2220元
用于英国签证及
移民的 雅思考试报名费 |
1350元
雅思生活技能类
考试报名费 |
420元
雅思考试 转考费 |
420元
雅思考试 退考费 |
1400元
雅思考试成绩 复议费 |
60元/份
额外成绩单寄送
第六份 额外成绩单起 |
桂林环球教育是中国专注于提供海外留学语言培训的领先机构之一,拥有近25年丰富的行业经验,业务范围覆盖桂林雅思培训、托福、GRE、GMAT、SAT、ACT、AP、A-Level等培训业务,凭借在学术水平、教学质量和教学成果上的优势,在业内享有盛名。
在19个主要城市拥有355个学习中心,每年成功帮助60万学子实现留学梦想。我们提供的全方位一站式的服务包括高中英语国际课程、留学咨询和留学相关考试培训以及封闭教学。迄今为止,我们已经累积培养了大约六十万学生,在环球教育短期集中培训班型的学习下,完成英语学习,并且快速提高学习成绩,成功挑战考试,达到出国留学的标准。
桂林环球雅思开设课程有:桂林雅思培训,托福培训,大学英语四级培训,大学英语六级培训,基础英语培训,成人英语培训,商务英语培训,GRE培训,GMAT培训,SAT培训,ACT培训,AP培训,A-Level等培训业务,英国原版教材课程,还原最真实的语言环境,最实用的工作生活交流场景,涵盖了生动的词汇,精练的语法,世界性的文化介绍,配合相应的模拟练习。
桂林环球雅思总部成立于1997年,环球雅思现今是朴新教育集团(朴新教育于2018年6月在纽交所挂牌上市,发行股票代码NEW)旗下英文教育机构。环球雅思学校成立于2001年,于2006年9月获得软银赛富基金数亿投资组建环球天下教育科技集团(Global Education & Technology Co., Ltd.),并于2010年10月8日环球教育在美国成功上市,股票代码为GEDU。2011年11月,培生集团以总额约2.94亿美元的价格收购了环球教育的所有流通股,环球教育成为了培生的全资间接子公司。拥有在62个城市从事外语和职业教育培训的连锁学校、50所环球灵童少儿英语连锁学校、从事出国咨询的五湖中视留学公司(环球留学服务中心)和环球精英移民公司2家国家特许资质单位及20个城市下属的环球雅思留学服务分中心、一所容纳千人的环球国际封闭寄宿学院、从事图书教材出版的卓尔英才公司、从事教学研发的环球教学研究中心GTRC、从事教育传媒的环球百年公司、从事教育图文设计的环球美景公司等数十家专业教育机构。
桂林环球教育_环球雅思校区_托福培训地址-环球教育网
桂林环球教育专注出国留学课程指导,包含雅思、托福、ACT、SAT等留学英语辅导,在桂林等各地开设多所校区,提升英语听说读写能力。为学生出国留学进行全方位指导。
桂林雅思常规班
雅思5分冲6分10人班
雅思5.5分冲6.5分10人班
雅思6分进阶中型班
雅思6.5分进阶中型班
雅思名师7分班
桂林雅思VIP班
雅思6分尊享6人班
雅思6分进阶6人班
雅思6.5分尊享6人班
雅思特训7分6人班
桂林雅思封闭班
雅思全程精讲5.5分班
雅思8周捷达6分班
雅思封闭5.5-6分5人班
雅思封闭6-6.5分5人班
雅思封闭6.5-7分5人班
桂林雅思在线班
雅思4.5-5分3人班
雅思5.5-6分3人班
雅思6-6.5分3人班
雅思6.5-7分3人班
桂林雅思单项班
雅思口语考前集训6人班
雅思写作考前集训6人班
桂林环球雅思培训学校 桂林市芙蓉区环雅培训学校有限公司,20多年来,秉持教育成就未来的理念,专注于为中国学子提供出国语言培训及配套服务。目前,环球教育已构建了包含出国语言培训等课程。
桂林环球雅思是一所专门从事留学语言培训的学校,致力为有需要的学员提供系统、专业、正规留学教育及服务,借助独特的课程体系,不断地为有需要的群体输出专业的教学知识。
另外在这个机构学习,还有这些方面的优势:
1. 桂林环球雅思机构课程涵盖领域广泛,在雅思、托福、GRE、GMAT、SAT培训等语言培训领域,实行小班教学,按分数划分阶段,每个阶段都有明确的学习目标,每个阶段都有针对性的测试,随时检验学习效果。通过消除考试中的盲点和误区,帮助学生提高成绩。
2. 机构在课程结束后,教师会预留这段时间的家庭作业,帮助学生在业余时间巩固知识,加强记忆;根据学生的考试日期,合理安排真实环境下的模拟考试,并在考试后及时进行点评,使学生充分适应考试环境,学以致用。
3. 机构在教学中应用科学的入学评估体系,实现学生的个性化学习,采用独特的全球实用应试教学模式,关注学生的学习过程,因材施教;核心班和吸收班的教学理念,帮助学生提高学习效果,达到留学的标准。
学校名称:桂林环雅雅思培训学校
固定电话:400-6169-615
授课地址:桂林 预约参观